Finance

When Your Term Deposit Matures

May 10, 2018 By Twila Van Leer

Term deposit accounts are among the low-maintenance savings options. You deposit the money and then sit back and wait out the specific time you have chosen – six months to five years in general — while the interest builds. The interest tends to be better than in a regular savings account, making term deposit one of the best ways to diversify your long-term investments.

But when the maturity date rolls around, there are several options you might consider to continue the benefit of your term deposit:

Take no action and let the fund roll over automatically. Doing this will maintain the account at the current interest rate. Review interest rates before making the decision. Obviously, if rates are trending downward, you might want to consider another savings scheme.

Cash out the interest and roll over the initial investment. This approach allows you to balance spending and savings and maintains the investment to earn more interest.

Increase or reduce the investment. If you have more money to invest or need some of the term deposit money for some other purpose, make that analysis the guide to what you do as the term deposit matures. Take into consideration your personal circumstances and your long-term investment goals before acting.

Adjust the term. If you went with a longer period for the initial term deposit, but feel that your current financial status might benefit from a shorter term, re-deposit the money at a shorter term, say six months to a year. Some institutions allow you to make additional contributions to the account for the duration of the term. Flexibility is what allows you to make the best savings decisions over time.

Cash out the account. If you had a specific savings goal in mind when you deposited your money in a term account, such as home repairs or a new car, simply cash out the entire amount. Restart a new account when you are ready and have a new objective in mind.

Avoid Home-Buyer Mistakes

May 7, 2018 By Twila Van Leer

Buying a home is a big deal and not one to dive into without some careful study. Many first-timers in particular suffer homebuyer’s regret for failing to watch for common warning signs such as:

Failure to prepare for additional costs. What is on the price tag isn’t all there is to the financial aspect of buying a home. Be sure you are prepared for taxes, homeowner’s insurance, association fees, yard care and other items that only show up later in the process.

Not being aware of your credit score. The rate of interest you will pay — if you qualify at all — is based on your credit score. Before you start looking for a house to buy, find out what your score is. The three major credit rating companies allow a free assessment each year, so start out well advised. If your rating isn’t where you’d like it to be, make a concerted effort to pay off credit cards and collection accounts. Avoid accumulating new lines of credit and make payments on time to help bump up your score.

Failing to prequalify. Going through the prequalification process lets you go into home ownership knowing where you stand financially. You’ll be certain of what you can afford and not waste time looking at possibilities beyond your reach. A rule of thumb: Monthly costs associated with home ownership shouldn’t exceed 28 percent of your income.

Using the seller’s real estate agent. It’s better for you to have an agent focused on your interests in a possible deal. Use your agent to guide you through the maze of inspections, contracts and negotiations that surround a house purchase. Having the same agent represent both buyer and seller could lead to conflicts of interest.

Bypassing a pre-sale inspection. The best time to know if there are mold issues or leaky roofs on the house you have chosen is before you sign the final papers, not after. It may delay the final transaction briefly, but it’s worth every bit of the wait and cost.

Taking out another loan before signing. The lender will wait until the very last minute before signing to re-check your credit. Another loan may change the debt-to-income ratio and squelch your deal. Particularly if you have prequalified, another loan could significantly skew your figures. Wait on the new furniture until you actually have a place to put it.

Refusing to compromise. When you set out to buy a home, you obviously have a list of “must-haves” to guide the search. But staying within your budget is more important than most of the “must-haves.” Remember that paint can do wonders and wallpaper be replaced. You’re probably wise to limit the must-haves and be ready to be a little flexible so the budget stays intact.

Tax Deductions Americans Use

April 9, 2018 By Twila Van Leer

Thousands of Americans are deep in the throes of the annual tax report and looking for any deductions they can claim to lessen the ultimate load. The three most frequently used deductions include:

• Taxes paid to state and local governments. You can write off real estate taxes that go to support local and state government. You can either deduct the local and state taxes or sales taxes, but not both. In the most recent figures the IRS has released, 44.2 million Americans took the state and local tax deduction, with an average of $12,514 per return. Things have changed for those filing returns for 2017. Under new federal guidelines, there is a limit of $10,000 for state and local taxes.

• Mortgage and investment interest. In the past, filers could claim interest for personal debt, but that is not an option any more. The exception is mortgage debt and you also can take an itemized deduction for interest related to investments. Tax reform also has reduced the amount of mortgage interest allowable from $1 million down to $750,000. Mortgage interest represents some 95 percent of the deductions claimed by taxpayers. That includes standard interest, mortgage points and mortgage insurance premiums. Home equity loan interest no longer fits into the deductibles list.

• Gifts to charity. This popular tax break underwent a lot of debate during the restructuring of the national tax laws. But the amount of charitable gifts ($222 billion, usually in cash or checks) and the popularity of the deduction saved it. On average, the typical taxpayer deducted more than 6,000 in charitable gifts in the form of cash/checks or donated vehicles, clothing or stock, for the last year that the IRS reported.

Know Your Credit Score

April 5, 2018 By Twila Van Leer

Your credit score is an essential facet of your personal finances. Even so, a great number of people don’t ever know what their credit score is or how to affect it in their favor.

It makes a difference. Your credit score is one of the factors that lenders look at when they consider whether to loan you money for a home or other big-ticket item. A lower score could mean a higher interest rate or otherwise affect the mortgage agreement. Your goal should be to have a score above 760.

So find out what your score is and then apply these five steps to upgrade:

• Know your risks. You can learn what your current credit report contains by contacting one of the three main credit reporting agencies, TransUnion, Equifax and Experian. Once a year they are obligated to provide a free report. It won’t include your overall score and you usually will have to pay a fee to see that bottom line. Usually, the score will come with a list of risk factors. Study them as a starting point for improvement. There can be as many as 300 risk factors. If you choose not to pay one of the reporting agencies for a score, many credit card companies will include it on statements and there are third-party websites that provide a simulated score. They include credit.com and creditkarma. Their scores may not exactly match those of the reporting companies, but it is close enough to set you on a correction course.

• Pay your bills on time and every time. The biggest factor in determining your credit score is how faithfully you pay your bills. Obviously, no potential lender wants to hand its resources to someone who has a patchy record of repaying. Even a few days late matter. A single missed payment can drop your score by 100 to 300 points. Start by refusing to allow yourself to add to your debt. Charge only what you can afford to pay off every month in full.

• Manage the debt you have. Keep your balances low to build your credit score. Debt utilization – how much of your available credit you actually use is an important part of how you score. Your balance should never be more than 30 percent of the credit limit on any single charge card or on the total of all your cards. If your balance now exceeds that goal, plan to get them paid off as soon as possible. Add as much money as possible on each payment. Decide if you want to concentrate on the smallest balances first or whittle away at those with the highest interest.

• If you don’t have a credit card, open one. A wallet full of credit cards isn’t necessary, but one or two, carefully managed, can help you establish a good score. Don’t just apply without a plan. Know how much credit you need and how you plan to repay it. If you opt not to have a credit card, open a credit account and faithfully pay it. You need some evidence that will get back to the credit reporters to enhance your score.

• Be patient. Good credit is not built in a day. It may take a few months of faithfully paying bills, keeping credit lines tidy and controlling your spending to produce the results you are looking for. But it will all be worth it when you face a mortgage lender across the desk or have other credit requests to make.

Buying A Home? Check This List

March 30, 2018 By Twila Van Leer

Buying a home, for many Americans, is like slipping into a foreign country. Myths about mortgages abound. Go into the process as well prepared as you can by considering these facts:

• Perfect credit is required. Not so. Having a higher credit score is helpful and may get you a lower interest rate, but it is not the only factor a lender considers when you come to borrow money for your home. If you can show that you are able to repay a loan you probably can swing the loan if your credit score is above 670.

• Rising interest will prevent your owning a home. Rising interest rates do, as a matter of fact, affect how much of a loan you can qualify for and the kind of loan you might be offered, but it doesn’t mean you are out of the market. CoreLogic projections show that an 0.85 percent increase in interest will cost the buyer another $100 per month. That may seem like a lot, but it is less than the period of all-time high interest rates in the early 1980s, when a fixed 30-year mortgage rate was at 18 percent.

• You need a 20 percent down payment. Conventional home loans may make this requirement, but there are other options. FHA loans require only 3.5 percent down. VA loans may be financed for up to 100 percent of the price. Lending institutions often have provisions for loans with a minimal amount down, say $1,000. The downside of a small down payment is that you may be required to buy private mortgage insurance.

• Prequalification means you have the loan. Going through a prequalification process determines how much mortgage you can afford by computing your income and liabilities, but it is not a binding agreement. The potential lender will look at additional documentation before you are fully approved.

• A 30-year mortgage is best. It’s the most popular option, but not the only one. A 15- or 20-year loan can save a lot in interest payments. An adjustable rate mortgage starts with a fixed rate then is adjusted according to market factors. That means your payment will fluctuate over time.

Don’t compare mortgage options based on their advertised rates, but look at their annual percentage rate, which lenders are required to advertise, along with mortgage interest rates. The APR includes estimated fees and other charges, giving you a more accurate picture of what you can expect.